Mine-shaft lining.



H. J. WES'SINGER.

MINE SHAFT LINING.

APPLIUATION FILED Arima. V1911.

Patented June 27, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTQR 1H: :vonnis PETERS co., wnsmucnm, nA c H. J. WESSINGER.

MINE SHAFT LINING. APPLIoAT-ION FILED Amma. 1911.

996,178. Patented 11111627, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

wlTN EssEs INVENTOR wg'ivwm PETERS C91, msmfmwm n. c

MINE-.SHAFT LINING.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, HENRY J. Wnssinenn, of Duluth, in the county of St.Louis and State of Minnesota, have invented a new and useful Mine-ShaftLining, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification.

My invent-ion relates to the means employed in lining the shafts ofmines, and one object of the invention is to provide a lining for suchmine shafts having novel means whereby the lining is secured in positionin the shaft while being erected and Vis maintained in place in thesha-ft after being erected.

Another object of this invention is to provide a mine shaft liningconstructed substantially wholly of fire proof material and forming alining of much greater durability and largely increased strength overthat obtained with the constructions heretofore used.

Another object of my invention is to provide a mine shaft lining havingimproved means for securing in place the lagging used in lining theshafts, and a shaft lining having improved means for securing thesuccessive framing sets inal-inement in the shafts.

In sinking mine shafts, it is the general practice when the excavationhas proceeded to a suitable depth, to place long timbers or bearersacross the excavation and upon these bearers erect what is termed ashaft set, formed of four heavy timbers placed in rectangular form, andframed together at the corners with the necessary dividers or partitiontimbers, which when erected define the compartments of the shaft. Oneset being in place, another set is put together a suitable distancebelow and suspended from the first set by hanging bolts. Strut memberscalled stuttles `are then put into position between the two shaft setsand by means of the hanging bolts, the lower set is drawn upward untilthe stuttles are in compression, andas the excavation of the shaftproceeds successive shaft sets and stuttles are placed in position inthe same manner as before described. When the desired depth of shaft isreached, another set of bearers is put in position and, when all thehanging bolts have been pulled up tight, the entire section of the shaftbetween bear- Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 13, 1911.

Patented June 27, 1911. Serial No. 620,949.

ers is in compression and the hanging bolts may then be removed. To getthe successive shaft sets in perfect alinement, wedges are drivenagainst vthe rock or earth excavation, each set being secured in itsalined position by the wedges which are placed on all sides thereof.When the nature of the ground is such as to render it necessary, laggingis put in back of the sets, this lagging frequent-ly being formed ofheavy planks secured against the sets so as to prevent rock or earthdislodged frohi the sides of the shaft from falling into the shaftthrough the spaces between the sets. This method of lining mine shaftshas been followed whether the sets were made of timber or of steel.

Referring to the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a horizontal crosssection of a mine shaft showing a shaft lining constructed and arrangedin accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail sectional sideelevation showing the construction of the sets and the manner in whichthe stuttles are secured in place thereon. Fig. 3 is a detail sectionalside elevation on the irregular line III-III of Fig. l. Fig. i is adetail sectional elevation showing the connection betweenv the membersof the framing and a detail of the connection between the framing andthe stuttles.

In the drawings, 2 designates a mine shaft having erected therein aframework comprising parallel horizontal extending beams 3 and 4,commonly known as wall plates which are secured at their ends to theadjoining ends of the transversely extending horizontal beams 5 and 6,usually designated as end plates by means of angle connections 7, one ofthe peculiar features of my invention being that the connections 7 arealso utilized to serve as connections for the stuttles l2. Sets likethat shown in Fig. l are provided at short intervals in the depth of theshaft, each successive set being secured to the one above it by means ofthe stuttles 1Q which are fastened by the connections 7 t-o theadjoining sets, these stuttles being rolled metal angles or of a formwhich will serve either as tension or compression members. The shaft asshown, is divided into five compartment-s, one compartment 2a for thecage, two compartments 2b and 2 for the skips, a compartment 2d for theladders, and a compartment 2e for the pipes leading into the mine bymeans of transversely extending beams 8 and 8a which are secured byconnecting angles 7 and 9 to the wall plates 3 and 4 and by the beams 10and 10a which extend between beams 8 and 8a and 6. Vertically extendingguides for the cage and the skips are formed by means of wooden timbers11, 11, and 14, 14, these timbers being securely bolted to the flangesof the dividers 8 and 8aN and the end plates 5 and 6 so as to be rigidlyheld in place.

As shown on the drawings, beams, preferably of the form known asH-sections, are used to form the wall plates and end plates, as in thisbeam construction the combined width of the flanges on one edge of theweb equals or approximates the depth of the beam, thus providing a wideflat bearing surface for the wedges 13, which are employed to secure theshaft sets against lateral movement. The wedges 13 are securely drivenbetween the rock and earth facing of the excavation and the wide flangesof the wall and end plates. As at times the side pressure on the mineshaft is very great, demanding great strength in the wall plates and endplates, the H-section type of beam is particularly well adapted to standsuch stresses, it being the st-rongest section for its depth of anyrolled. It is evident that the greater the width of the beams formingthe side plates and end plates, the larger the excavation will have t-obe for a given effective area of the shaft, so that by the use of thissection, the necessary strength is obtained with the minimum width, thusobtaining a maximum effective area in the shaft with a minimum size ofexcavation.

The angle connections 7 which serve to fasten together the wall plates,end plates and dividers, also form connections for the stuttles 12 andthese stuttles being made of rolled steel 4angles serve as hanging boltsor tension members when the shaft sets are being put in place. After thebearers are located in position in the shaft, the stuttles act ascompression members or struts, and, inasmuch as they are placed directlyabove one another and are secured to the angle connections holdingtogether the members of the set, the entire shaft lining is securelytied together whether subiected to either tension or compressionstrains. The stuttles between any pair of shaft sets are made of exactlythe same length and are secured to the angle connections in such mannerthat t-he ends of the stuttles bear upon the edge of the flange of theadjacent H-beam to which .the stuttles are fastened, so that when theshaft lining is in compression, as is its normal condition after beingerected in place, there is no shearing strain on the bolts or rivets.

The number of connections which have to be made when securing thevarious members together in the shaft is very materially reduced in theconstruction as shown, wherein the angle connect-ions 7 serve the doublepurpose of securing the wall plates to the end plates and to thestuttles. This is an important feature inasmuch as the assembling of theparts is one of considerable difficulty and it is very desirable thatthe number of Vbolts and rivets in a shaft set be reduced to a minimum.

In the lower left hand corner of 'Fig'. 1 one method of putt-ing in thelagging is shown. The inner flanges of the H-beam on the successive setsaord support for the ends of the lagging while the outer flanges afforda substantial surface to wedge the lagging tightly i-n place. It isevident that if it is not desired to use wooden lagging, plates of steelcan be employed instead of the planking shown, in the same manner. Incases where the spaces between the sets are filled with concrete, thenthe large anges of the H-sections afford secure footings and means forholding the removable forms in place used with such construction untilthe concrete is set.

The advantages of my invention will be apparent to those skilled in theart. By the use of a shaft lining of the construction shown, theeffective area'of t-he excavation is largely increased over what hasbeen the practice heretofore, with the vcustomary lining, thus reducingthe amount of excavation required to produce a shaft having compartmentsof a given size. The construction and arrangement of the parts formingthe lining is such as to permit of its being readily assembled anderected in the shaft.

The peculiar features of my invention which make it particularly welladapted for the purpose, are the method of connecting the variousmembers of a single set together; the use of one memberwhich serves thepurposeof both hanging bolt and stuttle, and the form of the steelsections used for sets which form` greatly facilitates the wedging ofthe successive sets into alinement, and the placing of the lagging inposition whether or not this lagging be of timber, steel, concrete, or acombination of steel and concrete.

Modifications in the construction and arrangement of the parts as shownmay be made without departing from my invention as defined in theclaims.

By employing a concrete or metal plate lagging a iireproof constructionis obtained and danger from fire in the mine shaft is eliminated.

1 claim 1. A mine shaft lining comprising successive shaft sets formedof metal beams of substantially H-section, angle connections at the endsof the beams and stuttles secured to opposite angle connections .on thesuccessive sets.

2. A mine shaft lining comprising successive shaft sets formed of metalbeams of subst antially H-section, angle connections at the ends of thebeams, and stuttles formed of angles and secured to the correspondingangle connections of successive sets.

3. A mine shaft lining comprising successive shaft sets formed of metalbeams of substantially H-section, angle connections at the ends of thebeams, stuttles secured to opposite angle connections of successive setsand lagginginterposed between the flanges on opposite marginal edges ofthe beams forming the successive sets. f

4. A mine shaft lining comprising successive shaft sets formed of metalbeams of substantially H-section, angle connections for securing theends of the beams, and stuttles of angle section removably secured tothe angle connections, the ends of the stuttles being arranged tocontact with the flanges of adjacent beams.

5. A shaft set comprising metal wall plates and end plates ofsubstantially H-section and angle connections securing the wall platesto the end plates, said angles serving as connections for stuttlesinterposed between adjacent shaft sets.

6. A mine shaft lining comprising lagging in engagement with the earthsides of the mine shaft, rectangular frames formed of metal beamssecured together at adjacent ends to hold the lagging in place, saidframes being horizontally disposed at sep arated intervals in the depthof the shaft and a series of stuttles formed of rolled steel angles tomaintain the frames in separated position, said stuttles being adaptedto support the frames in assembled position durin the erection of theshaft lining.

I. In a mine shaft lining, the combination with the lagging of a seriesof rectangular frames formed of rolled steel beams and arrangedhorizontally at intervals in the depth of the mime shaft to maintain thelagging in place and a series of stuttles formed of rolled steel anglesbetween the frames to connect adjoining frames and arranged to supportand maintain the frames in spaced apart relation.

8. In a mine shaft lining, the combination with the lagging of a seriesof rectangular frames formed of rolled steel beams and arranged atintervals in the depth of the shaft to engage with and hold the laggingin place and a series of stuttles formed of rolled metal angles betweenand arranged to connect and secure adjoining frames together in place inthe shaft, said stuttles being removably secured to the frames.

9. In a mine lshaft lining the combination with the lagging of a seriesof horizontally disposed hollow rectangular frames formed of rolledsteel beams secured together in place, the lagging in said shaft beingsecured in place between the flanges on opposite marginal edges of thebeams.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

HENRY J. WESSINGER.

Witnesses:

ALEX. M. Gow, EDw. B. RYAN, Jr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained. for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

